Calculation of Key Figures
Key performance indicators' formulas
| Operating profit (loss), % | Operating profit (loss) x 100 Net revenue |
| Interest-bearing net liabilities | Interest-bearing liabilities - cash and cash equivalents |
| Equity ratio, % |
Total equity x 100 Total assets - advances received |
| Gearing, % |
Interest-bearing financial liabilities (net) x 100 Total equity |
| Interest cover |
Operating profit + depreciations, amortisation and impairment losses Financing expenses (net) |
| Return on investment (ROI), % |
(Profit before taxes + interest and other financial expenses) x 100 (Total equity + interest-bearing liabilities)* |
| Return on equity (ROE), % |
Net profit for the period x 100 Total equity * |
| Cash flow return on investment (CFROI), % |
Cash flow from operations x 100 (Total assets - non-interest-bearing liabilities)* |
| Return on capital employed (ROCE), % |
Operating profit + share of profit or loss of associates x 100 (Net working capital + intangible assets ready for use + property, plant and equipment ready for use + investments in associates)** |
| Interest-bearing financial liabilities (net) / EBITDA |
Interest-bearing financial liabilities (net) Operating profit + depreciation, amortisation and impairment losses |
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* Average of January 1, and end of the year ** Average during the period
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